Сон в Антарктиде: от проблем с засыпанием до понимания проблем
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/cryo30.01.003Ключевые слова:
Ðнтарктида, Ñон, Ð½Ð°Ñ€ÑƒÑˆÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñна, циркадный ритм, низкие температурыАннотация
С первых экспедиций адаптация их участников к суровым условиям Антарктиды сопровождалась жалобами на нарушения сна. В ходе длительного пребывания на континенте полярники подвергаются воздействию большого количества экстремальных факторов окружающей среды как на станции, так и вне ее пределов, но основными физическими причинами, вызывающими нарушения сна, принято считать особенности освещенности и фотопериода. В последнее время более пристальное внимание уделяется выяснению роли психологической адаптации к условиям Антарктиды с учетом жизни в малой группе и замкнутом пространстве. Существующие методы противодействия нарушениям сна, в первую очередь, включают манипулирование параметрами освещенности, графиком работы и отдыха. Тщательный предварительный отбор участников для создания необходимого психологического климата, учет гендерных и мультикультурных особенностей адаптации также можно рассматривать с позиции превентивных мер. При этом изучению роли «неосновных» факторов (хронотип, личностные черты и особенности персональной адаптации к экстремальным условиям Антарктиды), а также вынужденного контакта с холодом, влияющих на сон, уделяется незначительное внимание.
Probl Cryobiol Cryomed 2020; 30(1): 003–023
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Copyright (c) 2020 Oleksandr Shylo , Dmytro Lutsenko , Olena L. Lutsenko , Georgiy Babiychuk , Yevgen Moiseyenko
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